Constitution Day, also known as Samvidhan Divas or National Law Day, is observed annually on November 26. It marks the day when the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution in 1949, which later came into effect on January 26, 1950. This day celebrates the core democratic values of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity, as enshrined in the Constitution.
History of Constitution Day
India’s journey to drafting its Constitution began after independence in 1947. The Constituent Assembly, tasked with this monumental project, was formed under the 1946 Cabinet Mission Plan. The first session of the assembly was held on December 9, 1946, with Dr. Sachhidanand Sinha as the provisional president. Later, Dr. Rajendra Prasad became the permanent chairman of the assembly.
The Drafting Committee, chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, worked tirelessly to draft the Constitution. After nearly three years of rigorous discussions and deliberations, the final document was adopted on November 26, 1949. This marked a turning point in Indian history, laying the foundation for a democratic republic.
The Government of India officially declared November 26 as Constitution Day in 2015. This initiative, under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, aimed to promote awareness of constitutional values among Indian citizens.
Features of the Indian Constitution
- Longest Written Constitution: The Indian Constitution is the world’s lengthiest written Constitution. Initially, it consisted of 395 articles, divided into 22 parts and 12 schedules.
- Multilingual Presentation: The Constitution was handwritten in English and Hindi, with calligraphy done by Prem Behari Narain Raizada. It features artwork created by Nandalal Bose and other artists from Shantiniketan.
- Fundamental Rights and Duties: While the original Constitution emphasized Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties were later introduced in 1976 through the 42nd Amendment. These duties, inspired by Indian traditions and international principles, serve as a guide for citizens’ responsibilities toward the nation.
Significance of Constitution Day
Constitution Day is a tribute to the efforts of the framers of the Constitution. It highlights the democratic principles that shape India today. The Indian Constitution is a living document that reflects the aspirations of the people, emphasizing equality, justice, and fraternity.
The day reminds citizens of their rights and responsibilities. It also serves as a moment to honor the visionary leaders like Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, who played a pivotal role in drafting this historic document.
Inspirational Quotes on the Constitution
- “The Constitution is not a mere lawyer’s document; it is a vehicle of life, and its spirit is always the spirit of age.” – Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
- “We are Indians, firstly and lastly.” – Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
- “Life should be great rather than long.” – Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
- “Our Constitution is a ray of hope: H for harmony, O for opportunity, P for people’s participation, and E for equality.” – Narendra Modi
- “If I find the Constitution being misused, I shall be the first to burn it.” – Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
How to Celebrate Constitution Day
- Reading the Preamble: Many institutions and schools organize sessions to read the Preamble of the Constitution. It is a great way to reflect on the guiding principles of the nation.
- Awareness Campaigns: Events like debates, seminars, and workshops are held to educate citizens about the significance of the Constitution.
- Tributes to Leaders: On this day, people pay homage to the architects of the Constitution, particularly Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, through cultural programs and memorial events.
- Community Activities: Citizens can take part in activities that promote justice, equality, and community harmony, aligning with constitutional values.
- Digital Celebrations: In the digital age, spreading awareness through social media campaigns, sharing quotes, and participating in online events has become popular.
Conclusion
Constitution Day is a reminder of the transformative journey India undertook to establish itself as a sovereign, secular, and democratic republic. It is a day of pride and reflection, celebrating the Constitution as the backbone of the nation’s democratic structure. By honoring the vision of the framers and embracing the values enshrined in the Constitution, every Indian contributes to the ongoing legacy of justice, liberty, and equality.
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